美国学前教育项目质量评价:内容、特点与启示

The U.S.A Preschool Program Quality Assessment: Content,Characteristics and Enlightenments

学前教育项目质量评价作为有世界影响力的美国高宽课程的质量评价工具,包含对幼儿园的班级评价和机构评价两个维度的评价内容,体现了引导教育质量提升的目的观、鼓励评价主体和利益相关者平等参与的主体观、强调过程质量改进的路径观、重视质性评价与量性评价相结合的方法观等特点。对我国学前教育质量评价的启示在于:开发以改进质量为目标的全国性评价工具;鼓励教师、家长等多主体参与的开放式评价;设计以过程性质量为主的综合性评价内容;运用观察和访谈相结合的多样化评价方法。

Program Quality Assessment （PQA）,which was developed by US High-Scope Education Research Foundation, has two content items： Classroom Item and Agency Item. Its basic characteristics are： to set the option of improving the early childhood education quality; to encourage the equal participation of multiple stakeholders subjects; to stress the content view of improving process quality; to emphasize mixed methods of qualitative evaluation and quan- tity evaluation. PQA can give us some enlightenments： to develop scientific and appropriate assessment tools for im- proving quality; to encourage open and multi-dimensional assessment subjects enrolling; to design the integrated as- sessment contents stressing on process quality; to use mixed and multiple assessment methods,such as integrated ob- serving and interview.