美国技术法规中的标准版权保护与启示

The Copyright Protection and Its Enlightenment of Standards Incorporated by Reference in American Technical Regulations

在法规中采用标准是美国制定技术法规的主要方式和TWO/TBT的要求。标准属于美国版权法保护的范围,并具有标准的专有权。美国法规中采用的标准存在属于法规还是具有版权的争议。文章介绍分析了美国标准版权保护的法规、国家标准的版权政策。通过两个法规中产生的版权诉讼案件,说明了标准无论是否被法规采用都受到版权保护。文章认为,在中国应当对标准进行版权保护,建立技术法规制度和进行标准法理研究等是美国版权保护对中国标准化改革的启示。

Standards incorporated by reference in technical regulations is the main American technical regulations and TWO/TBT requirements. Standards in regulations belong to the scope of the copyright law of the United States, and have exclusive rights. The copyright dispute of standard used in the American regulations is that the standards are regulations or copyrighted works. The article analyzes the American standards on copyright protection regulations, and national standards on copyright policy. Through two the copyright case, it is illustrated that the standards are copyrighted works whether in regulations or out of them. The enlightenment for China＇s standardization reform from the American copyright protection is that standards shall be copyrighted, the technical regulation system shall be established and the juridical logic of standards shall be researched in China.