竹鼠粪便还田对牧草产量及土壤理化性质的影响

The effect of rhizomys manure application on the pasture yield and physical-chemical properties of soil

【目的】探讨竹鼠粪便还田对牧草产量、土壤物理性质、土壤化学性质的影响。【方法】试验设5个处理:施用堆沤过的竹鼠粪便量(干重)7.5t/hm^2、15t/hm^2、22.5t/hm^2、30t/hm^2和对照不施肥五个水平,每个处理三个重复,随机区组排列。【结果】施用竹鼠粪便的牧草鲜重比对照增产了36.3%-92.4%,土壤有机质含量比对照增加了15.4%-41.2%;可以减少土壤小于0.25mm的水稳性团粒结构体,增加>0.25mm的水稳性团粒结构体;【结论】竹鼠粪便还田能够显著提高桂牧一号的鲜草产量,施用量为22.5t/hm^2时,增产效果最显著;在0-30t/hm^2的施用竹鼠粪便还田的范围内,随着施肥量的增加,牧草地土壤有机质含量、水稳性土壤团粒结构体数量、土壤阳离子交换量明显增加,土壤容重明显降低;不同的施肥水平条件下,牧草地土壤的全氮、全磷、全钾以及速效氮、磷、钾的含量增加,且差异显著。这种清洁生产、低投入高产出的生产模式,是今后农业生产发展的方向。

In order to study the effect of a new ecological cycling agriculture pattern called ＂rhizomys-manure- pasture＂, espacially on the pasture yield and physical-chemical properties of soil, we set experiments with 5 levels（0, 7.5t/hm2、15t/hm2、22.5t/hm2、30t/hm2） for the usage of the manure transformed from excrement and litter of the bamboo rats.The result indicated that the yield of Guimu1 Hao increased with the raise of the levels from 0 to 22.5t/hm2. And the level of 22.5t/hm2 was the highest one for the pasture yield in five levels. The application of rhizomys manure could significantly increased the amount of soil aggregates and the contents of soil organic matter, also improved the soil structure that lead to superior capacity of water and nutrient. As a consequence, the nutrient content of the soil is significantly increased, such as nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium.