组织工程角膜研究和应用进展

Progress in the development of tissue-engineered cornea： Basic researches and clinical applications

中国角膜供体材料的严重缺乏导致众多的角膜盲患者不能通过角膜移植来复明仍是临床棘手的问题。近年来，细胞生物学、组织工程学和材料学的发展为替代人角膜材料开辟了更广阔的前景：而且以深板层移植和内皮移植为代表的成分板层移植的推陈出新从临床技术上有力地推动了组织工程角膜的研发。现就脱细胞角膜基质板层材料、上皮细胞和内皮细胞组织工程的基础研究和临床应用进展进行述评。

Due to the extremely low rate of cornea donation at the present stage in China, numerous patients with corneal blindness cannot have their vision restored, because of corneal donations remains insufficient to permit corneal transplantations. In recent years, with the development of cell biology, molecular biology, tissue engineering and materials science, the materials of corneal equivalents have opened up broader prospects. Moreover, these novel surgical techniques of selective lamellar keratoplasty, including deep lamellar keratoplasty （DLK） and endothelial keratoplasty （EK）, have promoted the development of tissue-engineered cornea. In the present review, we comment the recent progress of basic researches and clinical applications of acellular corneal stroma lamellar materials, epithelial cells and endothelial cells in tissue-engineered cornea.