城市住宅热环境调节行为的图形化分析

Study on Urban Household Thermal Environment and Occupant Behavior by Graphical Analysis of Indoor Temperature Profiles

本文利用图形化分析方法,研究城市住宅在使用过程中的热环境调节行为与室内热环境的关系,通过选取不同热工分区样本户住宅,设置室内热环境参数自动记录仪进行长时间状态数据测试,对所获得数据进行统计和可视化处理,调查我国城市住宅热环境状况和温度变化的时间、空间特征,研究温度变化图形特征与调节行为特征之间的关系,结合问卷调查进行行为特征分类,分析不同城市住宅热环境现状和特点、造成差异的行为原因、个体和群体使用行为的其性和个性特征与规律,为从使用者角度提高住宅热舒适和节能提供基础数据和研究方法。

This paper aimed to provide an insight view into urban household thermal environment in China. Data was collected during a long period of time from 2013 to 2014, for 118 sample households in 5 selected cities of 3 climatic zones. Post occupancy monitoring of indoor thermal environment of those sample households were firstly conducted, along with household survey questionnaires. Households were then comparatively analyzed and evaluated by percentage of thermal comfort zone hours, based on hourly room temperature monitoring data points. Meanwhile graphical analysis of household annual indoor temperature profiles revealed the relationship between thermal environment and appliance controlling patterns （heater or air conditioner＇s intensity, frequency and temperature settings etc.）. It was noted that thermal environment of individual households were always different and the main reason came from both climate and occupant behavior. The data and analysis method introduced in this study could be valuable in improving household thermal comfort in an energy efficiency way, from the occupant behavior perspective.