不良事件视频联合角色扮演法在护理实习生安全教育中的应用

The effects of adverse events videos combined with role-playing in safety education for nursing students in clinical practice

目的探讨采用不良事件视频联合角色扮演法对护理实习生进行安全教育的方法与效果。方法设计并制作了护理不良事件视频,视频内容涉及法律法规、核心制度、用药错误、操作失误、知识欠缺与服务沟通、医院感染与职业防护6个方面,共30个案例。在岗前安全教育和科室安全教育中组织护理实习生观看视频,并让其分析讨论相关问题,分角色演示如何进行正确操作。采用自设问卷调查学生对安全教育课的效果评价,并与未采用该方法进行安全教育的上届学生比较护理不良事件发生率。结果所有护理实习生都对安全教育的效果表示认可。采用不良事件视频联合角色扮演法进行安全教育的学生实习期间护理不良事件发生率为1.53%(3/196),上届发生率为4.71%(9/191),但是差异无统计学意义(P=0.071)。结论采取护理不良事件视频联合角色扮演的方法进行安全教育,并将安全教育贯穿于整个实习期教学中,有效增强了学生的安全意识和责任心,降低了实习期间发生不良事件的风险。

Objective To evaluate the effects of adverse events videos combined with role-playing in safety education for nursing students in clinical practice. Methods Videos with adverse nursing events were designed and made which covered six areas with 30 cases including laws and regulations,core systems,medication errors,operational errors,lack of knowledge and services communication,hospital infection and occupational protection. Nursing students were arranged to watch these videos in the pre-job safety education period and during strengthened departmental safety education. They were also required to discuss related problems and play different roles in performing correct operations. The outcomes were evaluated using questionnaires and the incidence of adverse nursing events.Results All nursing students were positive about the effects of the safety education. The incidences of adverse nursing events during clinical practice before and after intervention were 1.53%（3/196） and 4.71%（9/191）,respectively.Conclusion Safety education with combination of adverse events videos and role-playing can effectively increase nursing students＇ safety awareness and accountability,and may decrease the incidence of adverse nursing events.