公园-广场景观：理论意义、历史渊源与在紧凑型城区中的类型分析

Park-plaza Landscape:Theory Significance,Historical Origins and Its Typology Analysis in Compact Districts

当前中国尤需发展紧凑型城区。城市设计和景观控制导则都需要可以清晰界定的紧凑型城区的景观类型。一种重要类型是广场和公园融合的景观,它属于西方城镇开放空间的形态史上历史悠久的类型,在当代城市设计理论的争论中也有重要意义。在紧凑城市、TOD理论和国内外案例研究的基础上,利用城市形态学和类型研究方法,对紧凑型城区内部的混合中心单元、社区中心单元的公园-广场融合型景观类型进行了研究。并分为两类:枢纽站公园-广场融合类型、围合的公园-广场融合类型。总结了其要素、特征、尺度和布局与特定城市空间单元、街区建筑和交通基础设施紧密配合的特征。

China needs to develop the compact cities and public transport guide urban development（TOD） based compact districts. Urban design and landscape guidelines need compact urban landscape typology which could be clearly defined. A significant landscape type is park-plaza, which origins in urban morphology history and has particular significance for urban design theory argument. The study uses method of Urban Morphology and Typology to analyse park-plaza in two compact urban interior space units： mixture center unit and community center unit, and to summarize their two types： park-plaza for terminal station and enclosure park-plaza. The study found key points of their elements, that is, features, size and layout working closely with some particular units of urban space and transportation systems.