关于共享的各种形态及相关背景原因的考察

STUDY ON THE VARIOUS FORMS OF THE SHARED SPACE AND THEIR BACKGROUND

本文试图将近年来方兴未艾的共享现象与各国的社会、历史背景关联起来展开研究。文中将共享的作用分成经济性、创造性、交流性这三种类型,并分析了其各自的特征。欧美国家,特别是美国对于共享的概念可以被看作是某种个人主义以及市场经济的延伸;而日本则表现出对于社区的重视。文章将上述现象与各国所有权、土地制度的差异结合起来进行研究,由此得出以文化比较的方法研究共享空间问题的意义。

The article tries to study rapid the growing phenomenon of sharing with the social and historical background in each country and divides the role of sharing into three types, such as the economy, creation and community and analyzes their features. Western countries, especially the United States apt to give more weight to the individualistic reasons for sharing from the values of the market economy, whereas Japan shows the tendency to respect the advantage of the community. ]t studies the above phenomena combined with the difference of the ownership and land tenure in each country in order to point out the significance of the comparative cultural research on the shared spaces.