西班牙高品质低造价社会住宅实践对中国宜居住宅市场化开发的启示

References of HighQuality,Low Cost Spanish Social Housing Practice for Chinese Livable Residential Market Development

近二十年问的西班牙社会住宅实践在世界各国社会住宅开发领域中开创出独树一帜的高品质低造价的开发模式,同时建成一大批能够代表当代国际集合式宜居住宅最高设计水平的社会住宅。本文不仅就其开发和设计上的成功经验,也就其发展过程中遭遇的问题进行了论述与分析,意在启示中国的宜居住宅建设从两方面予以反思与借鉴:一、如何开发与设计才能使社会住宅建设达到低造价高品质的综合效能,最大化公共资金的使用效益;二、如何进一步扩大社会住宅在自由房地产市场中直接或间接的影响力,从而对中国宜居住宅市场化开发和房地产业的顺利转型发挥更大的引导和促进作用。

Nearly two decades of practice in social housing in Spain has formed a unique high-quality,low-cost development model among worldwide social housing development,while a large number of social residences that represent the highest international design level of collective housing have been built.In this article not only the successful experience in terms of its development and design,but also the emerged problems along the development of social housing in Spainwere reviewedand analyzed.All these experiences and lessons are ready for China＇s livable residential construction to reflect and learn from two aspects- First,how to develop and design in order to make social housing construction to achieve comprehensive natureof low cost and high quality simultaneously,thus to maximize public funds use efficiency;second,why and how to further expand the direct and/or indirect influences of social housing in the free real estate market,thus to play a more effective role in guiding and promotingmarket developmentof livable and affordable housing,and smoothingthe transformation of China real estate industry to a sustainable development model.