土地形态图式语言及其应用

The Pattern Language of Land Form and Its Application

土地形态是在自然与人文生态过程共同作用下形成的文化景观。景观环境的多样性不仅决定了土地类型和人文过程的多样性,也决定了土地形态图式语言的多样性。水平空间上的镶嵌过程和垂直空间上的嵌套结构是土地整体景观的重要特征。以耕地、鱼塘和园地形态为主要类型,结合土地利用类型的特征,选取典型土地空间,初步构建了由土地形态基本单元(字)、组合单元(词)和复杂组合(词组)通过水平镶嵌和垂直嵌套形成的土地形态图式语言体系。土地形态基本图式语言共形成3大类9中类64小类的"字"、3大类9中类89小类的"词"和2大类7中类35小类的"词组"。在此基础上以河南省嵩县陆浑湖南岸为例,融合基地的自然与人文生态环境和陆浑湖功能设计,将土地形态图式语言语汇选择性应用到设计实践中,验证了基于土地形态图式语言应用的人文生态设计方法。

Land form is a kind of cultural landscape under the interactive historical process between nature and human. Landscape diversity not only determines the diversity of land types and human process, but also decides the diversity of pattern languages of land form. The Mosaic in the horizontal space and nesting structure on vertical space are the important features of total landscape. In this paper taking farmland, fish ponds and garden plot as the main types of land forms, according to the characteristics of different types of land use and choosing typical spaces to research, the pattern languages of land form were composed of the basic units（word）, combination units（words） and complex combinations（phrases） of land form through the embedded horizontally and vertically nested process. The pattern language of land form includes 3 categories, 9 types and 64 ＂characters＂, 3 categories, 9 types and 89 ＂words＂, and 2 categories, 7 types and 35 ＂phrases＂. Based on these and combined ecological environment with the functions design of Luhun Lake of Songxian County, Henan province, through the application of selective vocabularies of pattern language to design practice, the paper discussed the humanistic ecology design methods by using the pattern language of land form.