中俄输油管道泄露过程中原油于土壤中的迁移研究

The migration of crude oil in soil during the leakage of the China-Russia oil pipeline

为了探寻中俄输油管道泄露原油过程中原油在土壤中的迁移规律,采用箱体动态模拟和球形积分模型对此进行研究,实验土壤为沿线的粉质粘土和粘土混碎石.结果表明,原油在不同土体各方向迁移速率的大小皆为:垂直向下方向(Z负轴)>管线方向(Y正轴/Y负轴)>水平垂直管线方向(X正轴/X负轴)>垂直向上方向(Z正轴).分析土壤含水率对原油迁移距离的影响,结果表明,含水率在6.09%15.02%范围内时,原油的迁移距离随着土壤含水率的增大先增大后减小,含水率为10.33%时迁移距离最大.箱体动态模拟实验结果和球形积分模型的预测结果一致,原油的迁移速率大小为:粘土混碎石>粉质粘土,说明了球形积分模型的合理性.

In order to explore the migration patterns of crude oil in soil during China-Russia oil pipeline leak, the method of box body dynamic simulation and integral sphere model had been applied with silty clay and clay mixed macadam as the experimental soil. The results showed that the migration distance of crude oil in each direction of soil decreased in the following order：vertically downward direction （negative Z axis ） 〉 direction of the pipeline （positive Y axis and negative Y axis） 〉 horizontal vertical pipeline direction （positive X axis and negative X axis） 〉 vertical upward direction （ positive Z axis）. The soil moisture content and oil pressure effect on crude oil migration distance were analyzed. As results showed, crude oil migration distance along with the increase of soil moisture content increased first, then decreased, in the case of soil moisture content within the scope of 6.09% ~ 15.02%. In addition,the moisture content of 10.33% migration distance was the largest. Meanwhile, the result predicted by spherical integral model that the migration rate of crude oil in soil decreased in the order：clay mixed macadam 〉 silty clay. It was consistent with the result of box body dynamic simulation experimental, which proved the rationality of the spherical integral model.