表面处理对三维浅交弯联机织复合材料界面及弯曲性能的影响

Effect of Surface Treatment on Interfaces and Bending Property of 3D Curved Shallow-Crossing Linking Woven Composites

以2400 tex无捻玻璃纤维粗纱为原料,在SGA598型三维织机上制备出一种三维浅交弯联机织复合材料预制体,使用硅烷偶联剂KH-570作为表面活性剂,采用涂抹、浸泡的方法对预制体进行表面处理以改善复合材料的界面性能。以环氧树脂E51和固化剂聚醚胺WHR-H023以质量比3∶1的比例组成树脂体系,并将经过表面处理的预制体与树脂基体以质量比1∶1的比例通过手糊的方式复合成型,制得三维浅交弯联机织复合材料。分别借助傅里叶红外光谱仪、原子力显微镜、万能材料试验机、扫描电镜等仪器来测试与验证KH-570对预制体及复合材料的处理效果。结果表明,经过KH-570处理后,预制体表面粗糙度增大、比表面积增加,从而使得纤维与树脂界面结合更加紧密;复合材料的弯曲性能随着KH-570的增加而增强;复合材料主要破坏形式为纤维断裂,纤维在树脂中抽拔现象较少。

Curved shallow-crossing linking reinforcement was prepared from glass roving of 2400 tex on a 3D weaving machine modeled SGA598. To improve interfacial properties between reinforcement and resin,the surface treatment of the reinforcement was conducted by smearing the silane coupling agent KH- 570 onto the surface of the reinforcement and then dipping the reinforcement into the solution of KH- 570. The resin matrix was composed of epoxy resin E51 and polyether amine WHR- H023 in a mass ratio of 1∶ 1. The 3D curved shallow-crossing linking woven composite was then made from surface-treatment reinforcement and resin matrix in a mass ratio of 1∶ 1 by hand layup method. Fourier transform infrared spectrum（ FT-IR）,atomic force microscope（ AFM）,universal material testing machine and scanning electron microscope（ SEM） were used to characterized the treatment effect of KH-570 on reinforcement and the following composites. The results showed that after the treatment with surface-active agent KH-570,the surface roughness and specific surface area of fibers in the reinforcement increased which in turn led to a tighter integration between reinforcement and resin matrix; the bending properties of the 3D composites was enhanced with the increase of the amount of KH-570; the main failure mode of the 3D composites performed as fracture of fibers rather than fibers pulling-out of the resin matrix.