接续助词的连接方式与词义特征——基于共时与通时的综合性研究

Connection Mode and Semantic Features of Connective Particles——Based on Comprehensive Synchronic and Diachronic Research

日语的接续助词是一群连接从·主句的语法功能词,其词义表现为连接方式。由于连接方式是句式功能,以往的近义词用法区别研究往往采取通过明确从·主句的不同性质以及组合方式,从句式上说明各自的连接方式和词义特征。但是,单纯的句式研究无法解释近义词间的交叉用法和动态性功能扩张现象。本文以因果关系复句为例,首先介绍共时性句式研究成果并指出其不足,在此基础上提出综合共时与通时的两方面研究成果,从词义·句式综合角度阐明接续助词的连接方式和词义特征。本文提出了分析接续助词的新研究方法——【共时?通时?共时】螺旋式研究法,并运用此理论对因果句进行了具体分析。

Japanese connective particles are words of grammatical function that connect subordinate clause and main clause.The meaning of the connective particle is embodied in the connection mode. Since the connection mode is the function of the sentence, previous research on the difference among usages of synonyms have been carried out by clarifying the different characters between subordinate clause and main clause and the combination modes, explaining the respective connection mode and semantic feature with syntactical structure. However, research on syntactical structure cannot explain usages suitable for multi-conditions and dynamic function expansion. This paper will take causal complex sentences for example, by summarizing the achievements of synchronic research and pointing out their sufficiency, make the suggestion that we should focus on both synchronic and diachronic searches to elucidate the connection of connective particles and semantic features. In brief, this paper presents a new research method of connective particle research, which is ＇synchronic-diachronic-synchronic＇, as a spiral research method. By this method, we can make concrete analysis of causal complex sentences.