德国文学里的侨易现象及侨易空间的形成

The Formation of Qiao-yi-phenomenon and Qiao-yi-space in German Literature

以侨易视域重审德国文学史和思想史可分为三个层次:第一层次,是考察作品本身反映的意象侨易,诸如《威廉·麦斯特的学习时代》、《威廉·麦斯特的漫游年代》、《绿衣亨利》、《少年维特之烦恼》等都可为代表。第二层次,是作家本人的地理侨易经验,乃至精神漫游、知识游戏、场域博弈等多种侨易特征。其中的代表人物是歌德,这包括他的早期观念形成与大学制度之间的关系、青年时代同其他名人的交往进步、晚年从东方文学中汲取创作的灵感等。第三层次,是跨文化交易的文明史思考,譬如通过对经典文本以及作家研究进行世界文明形成的多元文化互动的过程及其范式规律性的探索。而从侨易学的理论层面来看,从侨易现象到侨易空间的建构,我们必须要构建出一个较为完整的场域空间架构,它应当由更加繁复绵密的核心概念所构成。譬如除了侨易主体之外,还有侨易路线、侨易条件、侨出语境、侨入语境等,甚至彼此的相互作用,它始终不是在单向度因素之下发生的,而是综合力交错的效果。侨易思维的意义正在于打开思想空间的那种僵化维度,二元三维的框架有助于我们以兼具流动性、恒常性、互涉性、元一性的整合视角来看问题。

A review of German literature and intellectual history from the perspective of qiaoyi is composed of three levels.The first level is to investigate the image-qiao-yi reflected in the works,including William Masters＇ learning and wandering era,the Green Henry and the young Werther.The second level is the geographic qiao-yi experience of the authors and even their qiao-yi characteristics such as spiritual wandering,learning while playing and field game.Of this level,Goethe is a representative due to the relationship between the formation of his early ideas and the university system,his association and progress with other celebrities in youth as well as the creative inspiration extracted from oriental literature in his later years.The third level is the civilization thinking based upon transcultural exchange.For instance,by studying the canons and authors we can explore the process and paradigms of multi-cultural interaction of the formation of world civilization.According to the theoretical level of qiao-yiology,the construction of qiao-yi-phenomenon and qiao-yi-space requires an integral field space structure composed of more complicated and dense core concepts.Besides the qiao-yi body,there are the qiao yiroute,qiao-yi condition as well as qiao-yi context（both out and in）interacting with each other,because qiao-yi happens not because of single dimensional factors,but as a result of the combined function of comprehensive forces.The significance of qiao-yi thinking lies in the openness of the rigid dimension of thinking space.The framework of three-dimensions inclusive of dual structure can help us analyze problems from the integral perspective of liquidity,constancy,mutuality as well as originality.