国外土地配置研究对我国城乡建设用地增减挂钩的启示

Enlightenment From Foreign Land Allocation Research to Urban and Rural Construction Land Reallocation in China

我国城乡建设用地增减挂钩的实施效果与最初的设计目的出现了偏差。从土地配置政策的设计、政策实施及后续管理三个阶段,总结分析国外土地配置经验对我国城乡建设用地增减挂钩的启示。在增减挂钩设计阶段,要拓展增减挂钩的政策目标,采用多元化的调控手段调控增减挂钩;在增减挂钩执行阶段,要重视不同利益主体的利益诉求,理性选择拆旧区土地配置方向;在增减挂钩执行后,引入土地储备制度对农村居民点整理结余的建设用地指标进行调配并对项目实施效果进行评价。研究发现,确定多元化的政策目标与调控手段,实现利益主体间的协同配合,拆旧区多维度土地利用类型适宜性评判,以及严格的后续管理与监督工作,都能够促进城乡建设用地增减挂钩的有序开展。

As the effects of urban and rural construction land reallocation in China are different from its original targets,this research sums up the experience of foreign researches on land allocation for urban and rural construction land reallocation in China.It shows that,at the policy planning stage,it is necessary to design multiple targets and allocation approaches for urban and rural construction land reallocation.At the policy implementation stage,we need to pay attention to the interests of stakeholders of urban and rural construction land reallocation and,meanwhile,introduce land suitability evaluation.After rural residential land consolidation,the land bank is an effective way to reallocate land quotas resulting from rural residential land consolidation,and assessment of the implementation results is another effective way to monitor this policy.It is concluded that multiple policy targets and control approaches,coordination of stakeholders,land suitability evaluation for project areas and strict supervision are all important to the success of urban and rural construction land reallocation in China.