被动凝集法和ELISA法检测肺炎支原体抗体的临床研究

Clinical study of passive agglutination test and ELISA detection for antibody with mycoplasma pneumoniae infections

目的探讨被动凝集法与ELISA法对临床诊断肺炎支原体(mycoplasma pneumoniae,MP)感染的应用价值。方法选择2013年1月—2015年2月来本院门诊就诊及住院疑为MP感染的856例患儿,分别采用被动凝集法和ELISA法检测患儿的MP抗体及MP-Ig M、MP-Ig G、MP-Ig A抗体并进行分析。计数资料比较采用χ2检验;计算一致性Kappa系数;采用Spearman相关分析对两种检测方法的结果进行相关性分析。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果被动凝集法检出阳性443例,阳性率为51.75%。ELISA法检出阳性373例,阳性率为43.57%。两种检测方法的阳性率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),两种检测方法一致性较强(K=0.805,P<0.05)。两种方法检测结果呈显著正相关(r=0.816,P<0.05)。ELISA法检测的MP-Ig M、MP-Ig G、MP-Ig A阳性率与被动凝集法阳性率比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。MP-Ig G检测结果一致性较强(K=0.768,P<0.05)。结论被动凝集法简单、快捷、敏感性较高,而ELLSA法通过MP-Ig M、MP-Ig G、MP-Ig A抗体的分型检测可以提高MP感染的检出率和可靠性,两种方法联合应用对临床早期诊断和及时治疗具有一定的临床意义。

Objeetlve To explore the clinical diagnostic value of the passive agglutination test and ELISA detection for mycoplasma pneumoniae（MP） infections.Methods MP antibody and MP-IgM,MP-IgG,MP-IgA antibody of 856 patients with suspected MP infection in children were tested and analysed by passive agglutination and ELISA.The counted data was compared with chi-square test,and made a assessment for the consistency by Kappa,the correlation of two kinds of method was tested by the Spearman correlation analysis.P〈O.05 was considered statistically significant.Results The positive rate of the passive agglutination test was 51.75%（443/856）,the positive rate of ELISA detection was 43.57%（373/856）,there was statistical significance between the two methods（P〈0.05）.The consistency of the two methods was strongly（K=0.805,P〈0.05）,the two methods showed a significant positive correlation by Spearman correlation analysis（r=0.816,P〈0.05）.As for eomparision of the positive rate of MP-IgM, MP-IgG,MP-IgA between passive agglutination test and ELISA,there was significant dffference（P〈0.05）.The consistency of results of MP-IgG detection was strong（K=0.768,P〈0.05）.Conelusion The passive agghltination test is simple,fast,high sensitivity, ELISA detection can improve the positive rate of detection and reliabihty of MP infection through MP-IgM,MP-IgG,MP-IgA detection,the combination of two methods has a clinical meaning at the early diagnosis and treatment for meoplasma pneumonia.