国际保赔险的法制变迁及其对我国保赔险法制完善的启示

The Legal Evolution of International Protection & Indemnity Insurance and Its Implications for the Legal Construction of China's Mutual Insurance Institutions

国际保赔险的起源和发展都和法制密切相关。18世纪颁布的法律赋予船东更多的责任,并禁止船东向商业保险机构转嫁风险,于是船东通过联合自保的方式共担风险,形成最初的保赔协会和保赔险。早期的保赔协会财务制度较为简单,承担的责任较少,管理相对粗放。而保赔险相关法制的革新,促使保赔协会建立现代企业制度、扩大保障范围、提升责任限额、引入竞争机制,推动着保赔险向纵深发展。为促进我国保赔险的进一步发展,我国应对相关法律条文进行修改完善。

The origin and development of international Protection Indemnity（PI） insurance is related to the evolution of law.In the 18 th Century,the newly promulgated laws added more responsibility to the shipowner,and forbade the shipowner to shift his risk to the insurer,and thus the shipowners began to share the risk through mutual protection,which is the original mutual PI association and PJ Insurance.The early financial regulations of the PI association was simple,shouldered less responsibility,and its management was also extensive.The legal reform of PI insurance urged the concerned association to establish modern enterprise system,enlarge its scope of coverage,raise the liability limit,introduce competition mechanism,and actuate the further development of PI insurance.To promote the development of PI insurance in China,the concerned laws should be amended.