广东省典型电子工业企业挥发性有机物排放特征研究

Emission characteristics of volatile organic compounds(VOCs) from electronic manufacturing factory of Guangdong Province

针对广东省电子工业进行调研与监测,分别选取了手机、相机及笔记本电脑3类典型产品的代表性企业为研究对象,利用活性炭管采样,样品经溶剂解吸后采用GC/MS分析,获得了排气筒及车间废气的VOCs含量水平及组分特征,并利用监测计算法、排放因子法及物料衡算法3种方式计算了各企业的VOCs排放量.结果表明:喷涂车间VOCs浓度范围为43.01~322.34 mg·m^(-3),调漆、供漆车间VOCs浓度范围为103~172.714 mg·m^(-3);车间中VOCs物种为8~10种,不同产品类型VOCs物种不同,但含氧VOCs的比例均超过50%.排气筒的VOCs浓度范围为48.01~155.38 mg·m^(-3),且不同产品排气筒的VOCs物种均比车间成分简单.3种方式计算的VOCs排放量不同,其中,物料衡算法计算结果最大,监测计算法计算结果最小.3类产品喷涂车间非致癌风险危害商值(HQ)在3.44×10-3~7.17之间,总危害商值之和(HI)分别为2.22×10-2、1.97及7.27.

In this study, the volatile organic compounds （VOCs） emission characteristics of typical electronic industries in Guangdong Province including mobile phone, camera and notebook computer manufacturing were investigated. VOCs samples were collected by activated charcoal tubes in the workshops of different processes as well as the exhaust funnels and analyzed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry （GC-MS） after desorption for their composition. The amount of VOCs discharge was calculated by monitoring calculation method, discharge coefficient method and material balance method, respectively. Finally, the health risk of VOCs in the workshops was assessed by using US-EPA recognized health risk assessment method. The results showed that VOCs concentrations in the spraying and paint workshops were 43.01 ～ 322.34 mg·m-3 and 103 ～ 172.714 mg. m-3, respectively. There were totally 8-10 species in the workshops and the VOC species were diverse for different product types, but the percentages of oxygen VOCs all exceeded 50%. The VOCs concentrations for the exhaust funnels were 48.01 ～ 155.38 mg·m-3, and the compositions were simpler than the workshops. The calculated amounts of VOCs discharge were different by three methods. The order of magnitude is： material balance method〉discharge coefficient method〉 monitoring calculation method. Health risk assessment showed that the non-carcinogenic risk hazard quotient （HQ） were 3.44×10^（-3）- 7.17, and the total hazard index （HI） were 2.22×10^（-2）, 1.97and 7.27 for mobile phone, camera and notebook computer, respectively.