不同种源山杏光合生理特性日进程研究

Research on Photosynthetic Physiological Characteristics of Armeniaca sibirica for Different Provenances

以12个种源的山杏为试材,采用LI-6400便携式光合作用测定仪,在自然条件下对内蒙古林木良种繁育中心,对山杏种质资源库中的12个种源的山杏光合速率日进程变化进行了测定研究,进而研究了其光合日进程变化特征和对该区环境的适应性。结果表明:各种源光合速率、气孔导度和蒸腾速率日变化都具有单峰、双峰和多峰3种类型,第1峰一般出现在10:00—12:00。除凉城种源外东部区各种源光合速率日均值都大于西部区各种源,科左后旗最大(4.772 5μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1)),而气孔导度和蒸腾速率日均值没有东部和西部种源的差异。万家沟种源光合速率、气孔导度和蒸腾速率日均值都低于其它种源,分别为1.665 5、0.041 5、0.817 8mmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1)。依据水分利用效率大小12个种源可分为3类:水分利用效率较高的种源有克什克腾旗、科左后旗、阿鲁科尔沁;其次为扎鲁特旗、科右中旗、扎赉特旗、巴林右旗、乌兰浩特,较小的为乌拉山、凉城、敖汉、万家沟。克什克腾旗最大(4.180 7mmol/mol),万家沟最小(1.893 5mmol/mol)。根据光合能力、水分消耗和水分利用效率综合分析指出,在呼和浩特地区推广栽植的山杏种源首选克什克腾旗种源,其次为科左后旗和阿鲁科尔沁种源,其光合能力大、水分消耗小,能适应该区干旱气候条件,为该区山杏引种选育和栽培提供理论依据。

Using LI-6400 mobile photosynthesis meter,the daily photosynthesis rate process variation in natural condition of 12 seed sources of Armeniaca sibirica provided by Armeniaca sibirica germplasm bank of Inner Mongolia Forest Fine Variety Breeding Center was studied.Then the change of photosynthetic physiological characteristics and adaptability to the environment of Armeniaca sibirica were studied.The results showed that photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance and transpiration rate diurnal variation in three types of unimodal,bimodal and many peak,the first peak average between 10：00—12：00.Besides Liangcheng provenance,various source photosynthetic rate of eastern area was greater than that of western area,Kezuohouqi was the highest（4.772 5μmol·m^-2·s^-1）,there was no difference between east and west provenance of stomatal conductance and transpiration average rate.The daily mean value of photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance and transpiration rate in Wanjiagou was lower than the others,they were 1.665 5 mmol·m^-2·s^-1,0.041 5mmol·m^-2·s^-1,0.817 8mmol·m^-2·s^-1,respectively.Based on water use efficiency of size,12 provenance could be divided into three categories Keqi,Kezuohouqi,Alukeerqin for high water use efficiency;Zhaluteqi,Keyouzhongqi,Zhalaiteqi,Balinzuoqi,Wulanhaote for medium water use efficiency;Wulashan,Liangcheng,Aohan,Wanjiagou for low water use efficiency.Keqi was the highest（4.180 7 mmol/mol）and Wanjiagou was the lowset（1.893 5 mmol/mol）.According to the photosynthetic capacity,water consumption and water use efficiency comprehensive analysis pointed out,Keqi was the first place for cultivation in Hohhot,follow by Kezuohouqi and Alukeerqin,of that had higher photosynthetic capacity,less water consumption,they were able to adapt to the dry weather conditions.The study provided the basis for Armeniaca sibiricaintroduction,breeding and cultivation in the area.