磨沟墓地古代居民头骨的形态学分析

Morphological analysis of skulls excavated from the Mogou cemetery

本文对甘肃省甘南藏族自治州临潭县磨沟墓地保存情况良好的295例成年个体进行了头骨形态学的分析,其中283例（男性164例,女性119例）个体来自齐家文化时期的墓葬,距今大约4000-3500年,12例个体（男性7例,女性5例）出自寺洼文化时期的墓葬,大约距今3500-3000年,磨沟组齐家文化居民和寺洼文化居民在体质特征上具有一致性,接近现代亚洲蒙古人种中的东亚类型。在与若干近代组和古代组的对比中,磨沟组古代居民则是与代表东亚蒙古人种的华北组和华南组以及古代组中同处甘青地区的火烧沟组和核桃庄组较为接近。

This paper outlines the analysis of 295 well-preserved adult skeletons from the Moguo Cemetery located in the Lintan Mogou Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Gansu Province. This total of skulls included 283 individuals（164 males; 119 females） from tombs of the Qijia culture period, dating 4000-3500 years ago, plus 12 individuals（7 males; 5 females） from tombs of the Siwa culture period, dating 3500-3000 years ago. The results of this morphological study indicates a physical continuity between the Qijia and Siwa residents whereby the groups can be easily identified and classified as modern East Asian Mongoloids. In a comparison of several modern and ancient groups, the ancient Moguo inhabitants clearly represent the northeast Asian Mongoloid group, with southern groups（including the ancient Gansu and Qinghai Huoshaogou） and Zhuang group being more similar.