丁若镛与吴澄的《周易》解释方法比较

A Comparative Study on Cheong Yakyong's and Wu Cheng's Hermeneutic Approaches to the Zhou yi

丁茶山和吴草庐都是当世最杰出的易学家,以象数学的角度为主解释《周易》是他们的共同点。其中,茶山对《周易》的象数性解释的核心是《四笺小引》中的"推移"、"物象"、"互体"、"爻变"。而草庐对《周易》的象数性解释的核心是《易纂言外翼》12种方法中具体运用于《周易》卦爻辞解释中的方法——"卦变"、"变卦"、"互卦"、"象例"。因此,可以说丁茶山和吴草庐的《周易》解释方法的核心理论是一致的。但对这些解释方法的实际运用,茶山又是和草庐存在区别的。即茶山在爻辞解释上,继承了草庐"爻变+互体"的方法,同时又全面运用了"推移"这一方法,这可以说是茶山自己的独特解释。这也是茶山与草庐在《周易》解释方法上的最大不同。

Cheong Yakyong （1762-1836） and Wu Cheng （1249-1333） were great Confucian scholars in the history of East Asian Confucianism. Both of them employed image-numerological approaches to the Zhou Changes. Cheong Yakyong mainly applied four aspects including tuiyi 推移 （transformation between the hexagrams）, wuxiang 物象 （image of things）, huti 互体 （overlapping trigrams）, and yaobian 爻变 （changes of certain lines） to his interpretation, whereas Wu Cheng focused on guabian 卦变 （hexagram changes）, biangua 变卦 （transformed hexagrams）,hugua 互卦 （overlapping trigrams）, and xiangli 象像 （image examples）. Therefore, it can be seen that Cheong Yakyong and Wu Cheng share very similar hermeneutic approaches to the Changes. But they differ from the application of the methods. In addition to his succession of Wu Cheng＇s employment of both yaobian and huti methods, Cheong Yakyong also fully used the tuiyi method in the interpreta- tion of the line statements, which is Cheong Yakyong＇s distinctive hermeneutics, and exhibits the most remarkable difference between them.