不同行距和密度对耐密品种克旱16花后个体质量和产量的影响

Effect of Plant Density and Row Spacing on Growth and Yield of Post-anthesis Individual in Spring Wheat

为研究不同播种行距和密度对春小麦单株茎鞘物质积累及垂直分配的影响,以耐密品种克旱16为试验材料,分别设置行距为10、15cm(分别记为C1、C2)和密度为600万、750万、900株·hm-2(分别记为B1、B2、B3),共6个处理组合,研究不同处理下单株花后茎鞘不同节间物质积累动态、贮藏物质再转运以及对穗贡献率、茎长、小穗密度、千粒重和产量的影响。结果表明,上三节间平均茎鞘物质积累量在B1C2处理(对照)最高;单株茎鞘干物质积累量随行距增宽而降低;倒一节茎鞘贮藏物质对穗的贡献率最大;茎长随行距的增宽而增长,B3C2处理下茎长最大(73.73cm);小穗密度在B3C2处理下最低;千粒重和产量在B3C1处理下最高,较对照(B1C2)增加0.71%和13.13%。可见,对于耐密品种克旱16而言,适当增加密度和减小行距有利于高产,本试验以B3C1处理为最适栽培模式。

In order to investigate the effects of different row spacing and density on the biomass accumulation of single spring wheat plant,with the high-density type cultivar,Kehan 16 as material,six treatments with two row spacing（10,15 cm,C1and C2）and three planting densities of basic seedlings（600×10^4,750×10^4,900×10^4 plants·hm^-2,B1,B2,B3）were designed and conducted in 2013 growing season.The biomass accumulation and yield components of individual plant were analyzed among different row spacing and density.The results showed that dry matter accumulation of the first to the third internode from ear was the highest under the treatment of B1C2.The dry matter accumulation in stem and sheath of individual plant was reduced with the increase of row spacing.The contribution of biomass accumulation in the first internode from the top to spike was the highest.The stem length was improved with the increase of row spacing,and the treatment of B3C2 gave the highest stemlength（73.73cm）.The density of spikelet under B3C2 was the lowest,and which were improved by6.76% and 4.77%,respectively,under the control and the treatment of B3C1.The 1 000-grain weight and yield under the treatment of B3C1 was the highest,which improved 1 000-grain weight and yield by 0.71%and 13.13%compared to the control,respectively.The results indicated that the optimal planting conditions for Kehan 16 are B3C1.