基于声探测的炸点坐标测量技术研究

Study on Coordinates Measurement Technology of Impact Points Based on Acoustic Detection

采用小孔径立体五元阵探测弹丸爆炸声信号,提出一种基于到达时间差(TDOA)的单基阵精确定向、多基阵融合定位的炸点声定位系统。针对采集的爆炸声信号,对比互相关法及阈值法计算时延差时的定向误差;针对爆炸信号因超出传感器最大量程而被削去顶部的波形失真现象,提出一种基于多项式拟合的时延估算方法,给出算法流程图。采用总体最小二乘(TLS)算法进行多基阵定位,详细介绍了TLS算法的推导过程;并通过仿真分析对比了线阵列和环状阵列下的定位误差。通过进行多次户外定位试验,结果表明,该系统定位性能良好,在200 m×200 m范围内定位精度优于1.5 m,满足工程测量需求。

Small-aperture tridimensional five-element array was adopted to detect explosion acoustic signal. An impact points localization system based on time difference of arrival（ TDOA） was put forward,which used single-array to measure direction and multi-array to measure position. Aimed at explosion acoustic signal,the angle error of cross-correlation algorithm with threshold algorithm was compared. A time-difference estimate method based on polynomial matching to deal with topless signal was put forward and given the algorithm flow chart. Total least-squares（ TLS） algorithm was used to measure position,and introduced the algorithm detailedly. Localization error of linear array with orbicular array was compared. Conducted many experiments outdoor,the results indicated that the system performed well and localization precision was better than 1. 5 m in 200 m × 200 m area,which met the demand of the engineering well.