药物防治全身麻醉气管插管术后咽喉痛的研究进展

Research progress of medication therapy in the prevention of postoperative sore throat after tracheal intubation under general anesthesia

术后咽喉痛(POST)常发生于全身麻醉气管插管后,具有一定潜在危险性,例如会引起剧烈咳嗽、影响术后进食、形成咽喉部肉芽肿、导致呼吸道痉挛。POST不仅降低了患者的术后满意度,还增加了患者对麻醉后辅助疼痛治疗的需求。目前已有多种干预措施用于防治POST,其中以超前镇痛为基础的药物治疗是防治POST的主要方式,临床上已有多种防治POST的有效药物,该文对相关的研究进展进行了综述,以期为降低全身麻醉气管插管后POST的发生率提供参考。

Postoperative sore throat（ POST） is a common and potentially dangerous complication after tracheal intubation under general anesthesia,probably leading to severe cough,affecting postoperative eating,formation of throat granuloma and even airway spasm. POST not only reduces postoperative satisfaction,but also increases the demand of patients for adjuvant pain therapy after anesthesia. Currently,multiple interventions have been employed to prevent and treat POST. Preemptive analgesia-based medication therapy serves as the major option for POST prevention and treatment. Clinically,multiple drugs have been applied to effectively prevent and treat POST. This paper reviewed recent progress on medication therapy in preventing and treating POST,aiming to provide evidence for reducing the incidence of POST following tracheal intubation under general anesthesia.