潮汕地区鼻咽癌患者焦虑、抑郁发生情况及其影响因素

Influencing factors of coexisting anxiety and depression in patients with NPC in Chaoshan region

目的探讨潮汕地区鼻咽癌患者焦虑、抑郁发生情况及分析其影响因素。方法采用焦虑自评量表(self-rating anxiety scale,SAS)和抑郁自评量表(self-rating depression scale,SDS)对201例首诊鼻咽癌患者住院期间的焦虑和抑郁状况进行调查,并分析其影响因素。结果潮汕地区鼻咽癌患者焦虑、抑郁发生率分别为41.79%、62.19%。患者SAS(36.41±7.41)分、SDS(48.42±7.19)分,高于国内常模。单因素分析显示年龄、教育程度、吸烟、病程、睡眠质量及口腔疼痛与患者发生焦虑、抑郁相关(均P<0.05);多因素Logistics回归分析显示年龄、教育程度、吸烟、睡眠质量及口腔疼痛是患者发生焦虑、抑郁的独立影响因素(均P<0.05)。结论潮汕地区鼻咽癌患者普遍存在抑郁、焦虑问题,年龄、吸烟、教育程度、口腔疼痛和睡眠质量是其独立影响因素,护理人员应针对以上因素改善患者焦虑抑郁状况。

Objective To explore depression and anxiety in nasopharyngeal carcinoma（NPC） patients in Chaoshan region and investigate their influencing factors. Methods Two hundred and one patients newly diagnosed with NPC were included in this study. The status of depression and anxiety during their hospital stay were evaluated using the self-rating depression scale（SDS） and the self-rating anxiety scale（SAS）. Data including sex, age, education, history of smoking, course of disease, sleeping quality and oral pain were also collected and their relationships with depression and anxiety were analyzed as well. Results They had significantly higher mean SAS score（36.41 ± 7.41） and SDS score（48.42 ± 7.19）, as compared with the healthy population. Single factor analysis indicated that age, education, history of smoking, course of disease, sleeping quality, and oral pain had significant impact on the scores of SAS and SDS. Multivariate logistics regression analysis indicated that age, education, history of smoking, course of disease,sleeping quality, and oral pain had significant impact on their anxiety and depression. Conclusions Depression and anxiety are common psychological problems in NPC patients. Patients at the middle to elderly age and with low education, history of smoking, bad sleeping quality and oral pain are more susceptible to depression and anxiety.