考虑电池组配送的集中型充电站容量规划研究

Study on Capacity Planning of Large-Scale Centralized Charging Stations Considering Distribution Scheme on Battery Pack

为在满足换电需求的前提下,结合电池的物流配送尽可能降低充电站的投资、运行成本,优化配置集中型充电站动力电池和充电机容量,首先给出基于一定假设条件的电池组配送流程,建立了电池组配送模型。然后,结合换电需求和物流配送建立了集中充电站运行状态仿真模型,用于目标函数的计算;构建了以集中充电站的年费用最小为目标函数,以日换电需求和充电站规模为约束的数学模型;采用细菌群体趋药性(bacterial colony chemotaxis,BCC)算法求解该模型。最后分析了不同配送次数下,直接充电、错峰充电和电池入网(battery to grid,B2G)充电3种充电方式下集中充电站的容量配置方案;并与等间隔配送方式下所得结果进行对比。算例分析表明:合理的配送计划可以提高充电站运营的经济性;充电方式也是影响容量规划的关键因素。

To meet demand on battery swapping of electric vehicles,capacity planning of large-scale centralized charging station considering distribution scheme on battery pack is a effective way to reduce equipment investment and operation cost.Firstly,this paper analyzed distribution process on some hypothesis conditions,and proposed a distribution model.Then based on battery swapping demand and distribution process,operation simulation model of charging station was established.A mathematical model was developed with annual cost as objective function and scale and demand of battery swapping as constraints,which was solved with Bacterial Colony Chemotaxis（BCC） algorithm.Finally,effectiveness of this model was demonstrated with a numerical example under different distribution times and uncontrolled charging mode/off-peak charging mode/battery to grid（B2G）.Then a contrast result was obtained under interval distribution and above distribution model.Case study results showed that reasonable distribution plan could improve economics of charging stations and charging mode was also a key factor to capacity planning of large-scale centralized charging stations.