售电侧市场放开国际经验及其启示

International Experience and Lessons in Power Sales Side Market Liberalization

售电侧市场放开是中国新一轮电力体制改革的重点任务之一,系统研究国外售电侧市场放开的经验,对于国内售电侧市场放开具有重要借鉴意义。文中对国外售电侧市场主体进行了归纳分析,研究了售电市场准入机制、交易机制、保底供电机制、更换售电商机制、信用机制等售电市场运行机制,研究分析了售电市场的发展趋势。结合国外经验,提出未来中国售电侧市场建设应着重考虑售电侧市场放开,坚持立法先行;坚持试点先行并超前开展改革试点成效评估研究;逐步培育市场化售电主体;逐步建立市场环境下电力普遍服务实施机制;建立售电侧改革实施中的信用、垄断等风险防范机制,加强市场主体风险管理能力建设;注重发挥北京、广州电力交易中心积极作用,确保售电侧改革有序推进。

In the new round electricity market reform in China,power sales side market liberalization is one of the key tasks.It is important to systematically study international power sales side market liberalization experience.Different international power sales side market entities are summarized and analyzed.Operating mechanisms about power sales market access permission,trading,last resort supply,supplier switch,credit etc.are investigated.Power sales market development trends are studied and analyzed.While referring to international experience,unswerving priority should be given to legislation and pilot in advance for future power sales side market liberalization in China.Pilot performance evaluation should be carried out and market power sales entities should be fostered gradually.Implementation mechanism of electric power universal service in market environment should be established.Credit,monopoly and other risk preventing mechanisms also should be set up during the implementation process,and work on entitiesrisk managing ability should be strengthened.It is important to bring the initiative of Beijing and Guangzhou power trading center into play to ensure that power sales side market liberalization is being orderly performed.