微电网中电动汽车充电模式与换电模式的运行优化

Operation Optimization of Electric Vehicles in Battery Swapping Mode and Direct Charging Mode in Microgrid

在已知风光出力,且电网实行分时电价的前提下,分别使用充电模式和换电模式调用充电汽车蓄电池储能。充电模式以微网内燃料费用最低和外网购电费用最低为优化目标,换电模式在上述优化目标基础上增加充电购电成本最低优化目标,使用混合整数规划CPLEX软件求解了该优化目标下的充电汽车储放能控制策略,并给出了优化运行结果。结果表明该优化方案有利于降低微网运营者的运行费用,而采用换电模式给充电汽车充电更能发挥充电汽车蓄电池逢电价高储能、逢电价低放能的作用,提高了微网的运行经济性。

On the premise of known output power of wind power and photovoltaic and time-of-use electricity price implemented in the grid,electric vehicles energy storage battery is used in the battery swapping mode and the direct charging mode.The optimization objective is minimum fuel cost and power cost purchased from an external grid in the direct charging mode.For the battery swapping mode,minimum recharging cost is added as the optimization objective on the basis of the above-mentioned optimization objective in battery swapping mode.The optimization objectives are verified using CPLEX software,the results showing that the optimization program will help reduce the operating cost of the microgrid operator.The battery swapping mode is better than the direct charging mode for using battery discharging energy when energy price is high and charging when energy price is low,thus improving the operational economy of the microgrid.