日粮葡萄糖释放模式对仔猪生长性能和血清生化指标及氮代谢的影响

Effects of Dietary of Glucose Release Modes on Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical and Nitrogen Metabolism on Piglets

以玉米、大麦、高粱和木薯为淀粉源研究日粮葡萄糖释放模式对仔猪生长性能、血清生化指标以及氮代谢的影响。由玉米（A）、玉米／大麦（B）、玉米／高粱（C）、玉米／木薯（D）作为淀粉源配制试验日粮。体外研究提示，日粮A与C葡萄糖释放模式相似，孵育0～15min葡萄糖释放速率较快，孵育30-120min呈现线性下降趋势；日粮B与D葡萄糖释放模式出现缓慢平稳释放，但日粮B的缓慢释放期在孵育60--90min时，而日粮D缓慢释放期在30～60min。体内研究选用平均体重15kg左右；[杜×（长×大）]三元杂交去势仔公猪48头，按照体重随机分为4组，每组12个重复，每个重复1头猪，分别饲喂A、B、C、D4种日粮，进行为期28d饲养试验，测定生长性能、血清生化指标及氮平衡试验。结果表明：仔猪饲喂日粮B组平均日增重显著高于其他3纽（P〈0．05）；其料肉比显著低于C、D2组（P〈0．05），与A组相比差异不显著（P〉0．05）。日粮B组血清总蛋白（TP）含量显著高于其他3组（P〈0．05）；血清尿素（UREA）含量，B、D2组显著低于C组和A组（P〈0．05）；仔猪饲喂日粮B组，粪氮、尿氯排泄显著降低（P〈0．05），并提高了氮表观消化率。在本试验条件下，日粮B葡萄糖释放模式促进仔猪对氮素沉积，有效提高仔猪生长性能。

corn, barley, sorghum, and cassava were selected as starch sources to detect the effect of different glucose release modes on growth performances and serum biochemical parameters and nitrogen metabolism of piglets. Four experimental diets were formulated with starch sources from corn, corn and barley, corn and sorghum or corn and cassava combinations （diets coded A, B, C and D, respectively）. The in vitro characterization of feeds showed that diet A and C had similar glucose release modes, which had faster glucose release rate at beginning of incubation of 0-15 minutes and decreased linearly between 30-120 mins; Diet B and D represent a slowly release of glucose, but they have different release time from 60 to 90 rain and 30 to 60 mins, respectively. For the in vivo study, forty-eight Duroc ~Landrace ~Yorkshire barrows （about 15 kg body weight） were randomly assigned to 4 groups with 12 replications of 1 each and fed 1 of 4 diets. The experiment lasted twenty-eight days. Body weights, feed intakes and biochemical parameters assay and nitrogen balance were detected. ADG of gilts in B group was the highest （P〈0.05） among others. F/G of gilts in B group was lower than those of C and D groups （P〈0.05） and there was no significant difference between the A and B groups （P〉0.05）. The contents of serum TP of gilts in B group was higher （P〈0.05） compared with the other three diets groups. The contents of serum urea concentration in group B and D was lower （P〈 0.05） than those in C and A groups. Fecal and urinary nitrogen of gilts in B group reduced significantly and improved nitrogen apparent digestibility. The glucose release mode of dietary B promotes piglets nitrogen retention, improve the growth performance of piglets effectively.