“非认知”视角下本科生毕业去向和求职结果的实证研究——基于“高等理科教育(本科)改革”调查数据的分析

An Empirical Study on the Future Choices and Job-seeking Results of Graduates from the Noncognitive Perspective——Analysis Based on Survey Data about “Reform of Science Education in Undergraduate”

通过对2014年全国"高等理科教育(本科)改革"学生调查的毕业生数据进行分析,将职业价值观和人际交往技能等"非认知因素"纳入到本科生毕业去向和求职结果的研究中。回归结果发现,除核心认知技能和专业平均成绩等认知因素外,职业价值观和人际交往技能对于本科生毕业去向的选择具有显著影响;对于落实就业的毕业生而言,认知和非认知因素会影响其进入何种类型的单位,进而通过劳动力市场分割影响其起薪水平。研究结果表明高校和毕业生需要更加重视职业价值观和人际交往技能等非认知因素在毕业生求职过程中的作用。

Using the 2014 ＂Student Survey of Higher Science Education Reform（Undergraduates）＂ data, this paper examined the role of non-cognitive factors- including professional values and interpersonal skills- in the conventional research on the future choices and job-seeking results of graduates. The regression results showed that, in addition to cognitive factors including core cognitive skills and major test score, professional values and interpersonal skills significantly influenced the future choices of graduates. For those who had got a job, both cognitive and non-cognitive factors exerted strong impact on the possibilities of entering various types of enterprises, and then affected their beginning salaries through this labor market segmentation. This paper concluded that universities and graduates needed to pay more attention to the role of professional values,interpersonal skills, and other non-cognitive factors in the job-seeking process.