农民工务工地非稳定性研究——以河南省33个村为例

STUDY ON THE INSTABILITY OF MIGRANT WORKERS' WORKING PLACE: A CASE STUDY OF 33 VILLAGES IN HENAN PROVINCE

要:农民工务工地非稳定性是农民工空间流动的重要表现形式之一。基于河南省33个村1091份调查问卷数据,采用务工地变动频率、务工地企业区域粘性指数和二元Logistic等指标和方法,对务工地非稳定性特征及影响因素进行研究。结果表明:农民工务工地非稳定性较大,行业之间存在较大差异,务工企业流动性较高,务工地企业区域粘性指数较小,区域流动成为农民工流动的基本特征。务工地非稳定性主要受到个人、家庭、村庄、务工地等多种经济和非经济因素、主观和客观因素的影响。

Based on the data from 1091 questionnaires of 33 villages in Henan province, using the work place change frequency, the areal enterprise viscosity index, the Binary Logistic and other methods and indicators,the paper focuses on the instability characteristics of work places and the influencing factors. The study has following findings. The instability of work places is greater and there exist big differences of instability among the industries, especially between construction industry and non-construction industry. The mobility of the enterprise in which migrant workers work is higher, and the areal enterprise viscosity index is smaller.According to the survey, the average areal enterprise viscosity index of all migrant workers is 1.42. If we delete the higher viscosity index of construction industry, the viscosity index of non- construction- workers（number accounted for 89.61% of samples） is 1.30, which means on average migrant workers in non- construction industry can only work in an approximately 1.30 enterprises in an area. Among the four types of employment enterprise changes, the proportion of stable type and basically stable type is smaller. Regional mobility has become the basic characteristic of migrant workers＇ flow. Migrant workers constantly change work places to rationalize and maximize their income. The significant factors affecting the instability of work place mainly are the sex of the migrant worker, age, the proportion of elderly population in the family,the size of arable land, the level of economic development of the village, the location of the village, the type of industry, the income level, etc.