2015年胰腺癌研究及诊疗前沿进展

Recent advances in basic research, clinical diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic cancer in 2015

随着发病率和死亡率的增加,癌症不仅成为中国疾病致死的重要原因,也同样是困扰世界的一个重大公共卫生问题。尤其令人担忧的是,全世界每年新发胰腺癌病例数呈现逐年上升的趋势。胰腺癌患者的预后较差,其5年生存率仅约6%,其主要原因包括:(1)在疾病的早期缺乏典型的临床症状,早期诊断困难;(2)高侵袭转移特性导致难以控制的复发和转移;(3)缺乏有效的化疗及靶向治疗药物;(4)容易对现有化疗药物产生耐药。手术根治性切除仍是目前最有效的治疗方式,但是根治术后早期转移复发仍是造成手术预后不良的主要问题。本文将就2015年全球范围内针对胰腺癌发病因素、流行病学调查、基础研究热点、外科手术相关进展、内科治疗和精准医学等方面的研究及诊疗前沿进展进行回顾性分析。

With the increase of morbidity and mortality, pancreatic cancer will not only become one of the leading causes of death in China, but also a major public health problem in the world. New onset cases of pancreatic cancer all around the world are expected to increase year by year. The prognosis of patients with pancreatic cancer is poor. The 5-year survival rate is only about 6%. The major reason for the poor prognosis is the lack of typical clinical symptoms in the early stage of disease, which makes it difficult to detect and control its relevant recurrence and metastasis. Moreover, lack of effective chemotherapy drugs and resistance to existing chemotherapy drugs are also important reasons for its dismal status. Radical resection surgery is still the most effective treatment. However, even after radical resection surgery, early recurrence and distant metastasis are still the main problems that bother patients. This article reviews recent high quality studies on pancreatic cancer including epidemiological investigation, advances in basic research, and clinical treatment.