黄淮麦区不同小麦品种生育前期光合生理特性及物质积累变化研究

Research on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Dry Matter Accumulation of Different Wheat Varieties Stage in Huanghuai Area at Early Growth

为了解黄淮麦区不同小麦主推品种在生育前期的光合生理特性及其干物质积累变化特点,且为筛选高光合育种亲本提供依据,以温麦6号、周麦18、矮抗58、百农418和百农419为试材,研究了其生育前期光合速率、叶绿素含量(SPAD)、叶绿素荧光参数、叶面积指数(LAI)及干物质积累变化规律。结果表明,在生育前期,百农419表现出较强的光合生理特点,其SPAD值在1月10日、1月25日、2月10日、3月1日分别比温麦6号高出2.75%,3.55%,1.43%,20.50%,比周麦18高出8.76%,10.82%,15.80%,16.44%,比矮抗58高出14.19%,16.16%,2.05%,13.74%,比百农418高出14.67%,10.63%,6.01%,13.55%;最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)和电子传递速率(ETR)在4个测定时期均最高,显著高于温麦6号,在1月10日、1月25日、2月10日3个时期显著高于周麦18;光合速率比温麦6号高出20.75%,14.08%,2.91%和13.40%,比周麦18高出44.49%,31.67%,14.96%和20.10%,比矮抗58高出76.11%,28.30%,9.43%和17.51%,比百农418高出49.95%,82.29%,31.40%和20.35%;LAI明显高于其他品种,最终表现为生育前期百农419干物质积累较多。不同小麦品种在生育前期的光合生理特性结果表明,百农419具有作为高光效育种亲本的潜力。

In order to understand the photosynthetic physiological characteristics and dry matter accumulation of different wheat varieties in Huanghuai area at early growth stage,which could provide basis for screening high photosynthetic breeding parents,Wenmai 6,Zhoumai 18,Aikang 58,Bainong 418 and Bainong 419 were used as experimental materials,the photosynthetic rate,chlorophyll content（ SPAD）,chlorophyll fluorescence parameters,leaf area index（ LAI） and dry matter accumulation and change rules of the early growth period were studied. The result showed that Bainong 419 exhibited strong photosynthetic and physiological characteristics. The SPAD of Bainong419 in January 10,January 25,February 10,March 1,was respectively higher 2. 75%,3. 55%,1. 43% and 20. 50%than Wenmai 6; higher 8. 76%,10. 82%,15. 80% and 16. 44% than Zhoumai 18; higher 14. 19%,16. 16%,2. 05%and 13. 74% than Aikang 58 and higher 14. 67%,10. 63%,6. 01% and 13. 55% than Bainong 418. In four measurement periods,the maximum photochemical efficiency（ Fv / Fm） and electron transfer rate（ ETR） of Bainong 419 were all the highest,significantly higher than Wenmai 6 and were also significantly higher than Zhoumai 18 on January 10,January 15 and February 10; photosynthetic rate was higher 20. 75%,14. 08%,2. 91% and 13. 40% than that of Wenmai6; higher 44. 49%,31. 67%,14. 96% and 20. 10% than Zhoumai 18; higher 76. 11%,28. 30%,9. 43%,17. 51% than Aikang 58; higher 49. 95%,82. 29%,31. 40% and 20. 35% than Bainong 418; LAI was significantly higher than othervarieties. The physiological properties of Bainong 419 finally induced more dry matter accumulation at early growth stage. Light photosynthetic physiological characteristics results of different wheat varieties at early growth stage showed that Bainong 419 had the potential as high photosynthetic breeding parent.