贵州省侗族人群ABO和Rh血型的分布规律及基因频率调查

An Investigation on ABO and Rh Blood Type Distribution and Gene Frequency of Dong Ethnic Group in Guizhou Province

目的:了解贵州省侗族人群中ABO和Rh血型的分布规律及基因频率。方法:随机抽取汉族无关个体4 851例、贵州侗族封闭人群3 507例,采集静脉血4 m L,采用纸片法现场鉴定Rh(D)后,对纸片法鉴定的Rh(D)阴性的血液标本进一步实验室验证,计算Rh基因频率;随机抽取侗族血液标本535例,采用正反定型法鉴定ABO血型,计算ABO基因频率。结果:纸片法检测出32例Rh(D)阴性,侗族16例,汉族16例,实验室鉴定均为阴性,符合率为100%,侗族人群Rh(D)阴性分布概率为0.36%,汉族人群为0.33%,比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);侗族人群d基因频率(0.037 8)低于汉族(0.057 4)、Rh(D)阴性率(0.14%)也低于汉族(0.33%);侗族人群中ABO表型频率为A型23.93%、B型26.54%、O型43.43%、AB型7.10%。结论:贵州省侗族人群d基因频率和Rh(D)阴性率低于汉族,ABO血型中O型最高、其次为B型和A型。

Objective： To investigate the distribution of ABO and Rh blood and gene frequencies in Dong ethnic group in Guizhou Province. Methods： 4 851 Han individuals and 3 507 Dong individuals who are unrelated,collecting 4 m L venous blood respectively to detect Rh（ D） with paper disk diffusion method in the field. Verifying those blood samples which were Rh（ D） negative and calculate the gene frequency of Rh blood type. The ABO blood type of 535 cases Dong ethnics were randomly selected and identified by using positive and negative stereotypes method to calculate the ABO gene frequency. Results： There were 32 cases with equal number of Han and Dong who were negative in Rh（ D）blood type through paper disk diffusion method,further identification also were negative through the laboratory tests. Match rate was 100%. The probabilities of negative distribution Rh（ D） blood type was0. 36% and 0. 33% respective in Dong and Han people,the difference was not statistically significant（ P〉 0. 05）. The d gene frequency in the Dong ethnics（ 0. 0378） was lower than the Han individuals（ 0. 057 4）,and the Rh（ D） negative rate in Dong ethnics（ 0. 14%） is also lower than the Han individuals（ 0. 33%）. The ABO phenotype frequency distribution in the Dong population as follows： Atype 23. 93%,B-type 26. 54%,O-type 43. 43%,AB-type 7. 10%. Conclusion： The d gene frequency and the Rh（ D） negative rate in the Dong individuals were less than Han people,and the ABO blood type frequency distribution in the Dong population were as follows： O〉 B〉 A.