浙江省电动自行车骑行者4种违法行为路边观测分析

Road-side observational survey on 4 unlawful acts among electric bicycle riders in Zhejiang

目的了解浙江省电动自行车骑行者重点违法行为的发生情况，为开展有针对性干预提供依据。方法2013年7月在金华市开展为期4d的调查，其中采用仪器检测法测量电动自行车骑行者行驶速度，采用非参与式观察法针对电动自行车骑行者的逆向行驶、闯红灯、违规载人等违法行为进行调查。结果完成3448辆电动自行车的速度观测，平均车速为26km／h，87．06％的电动自行车车速超过15km／h，平均车速最高的时间段为10：00-11：00（30km／h）；观测电动自行车骑行者闯红灯、逆向行驶和违规载人的人次数分别为1315、656和1877人次，估计比率分别为10．01％、4．99％、15．22％，不同时间段和日期电动自行车骑行者违法行为发生情况均差异有统计学意义（P〈O．01）。电动自行车骑行者闯红灯、逆向行驶和违规载人发生率较高的时间段分别为07：00—08：00（14．59％）和13：00—14：00（15．25％），13：00—14：00（7．33％）和17：00—18：00（7．63％），06：00—07：00（32．44％）和12：00—13：00（27．90％）。结论超速、违规载人、闯红灯、逆向行驶是目前浙江省电动自行车骑行者存在的重要违法行为，应开展针对性干预以降低相关违法行为的发生。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of key unlawful acts among electric bicycle riders and provide evidence for the development of specific interventions. Methods A 4-day road-side survey was conducted in Jinhua, Zhejiang province, in 2013. The speed of electric bicycle was measured by speed measuring instrument and the unlawful acts of riders, such as reverse riding, running the red-light and carrying passengers, were observed with non-participatory way. Results A total of 3 448 running electric bicycles were observed and the average speed was 26 kin/h, the proportion of electric bicycle at the speed of ≥ 15 krn/h was 87.06%. The average speed was highest during 10 am-11 am （30 km/h）, the number of observed electric bicycle riders with unlawful acts of ＇running the red-light＇, ＇reverse riding＇ and ＇carrying passengers＇ were 1 315, 656 and 1 877 respectively, and the estimated rate was 10.01%, 4.99% and 15.22%, respectively. More ＇rnnning the red-light＇, ＇reverse riding＇ and ＇carrying passengers＇ occurred during 7 am-8 am （14.59%） and 13 pm-14 pm （15.25%）, 13 pm-14 pm （7.33%） and 17 pm-18 pm （7.63%）, 6 am-7 am （32.44%） and 12 pm-13 pm （27.90%）, respectively. Conclusion Overspeeding, carrying passengers, running the red-light, reverse tiding were the key unlawful acts among electric bicycle riders. Targeted intervention should be carried out to reduce the prevalence of unlawful riding acts and the incidence of electric bicycle related injuries and deaths.