浙江省2014年恶性肿瘤发病死亡分析

Morbidity and mortality of malignant tumor in Zhejiang province, 2014

目的分析2014年浙江省恶性肿瘤发病与死亡情况。方法采用浙江省卫生监测区2014年恶性肿瘤发病监测与全死因监测数据，计算恶性肿瘤发病率、死亡率、前10位恶性肿瘤顺位、构成、累积率、截缩率等；采用1982年中国标化人口构成和Segi’s世界人口构成，分别计算中国和世界人口年龄标化发病／死亡率（中标率和世标率）。结果2014年浙江省恶性肿瘤发病率为348．80／10万（男性370．74／10万，女性326．51／10万），中标率为168．84／10万，世标率为217．23／10万，累积率（0～74岁人群）为24．66％，截缩率（35—64岁）为376．40／10万；恶性肿瘤发病率在0～34岁人群处于较低水平，从35岁后明显上升，50岁以后迅速上升，80-84岁组（1618．20／10万）达到高峰；城市地区发病率为381．81／10万，中标率为185．15／10万，世标率为236．27／10万；农村地区发病率为330．23／10万，中标率为159．47／10万，世标率为206．29／10万。2014年恶性肿瘤死亡率为189．08／10万（男性248．57／10万，女性128．72／10万），中标率为97．56／10万，世标率为135．54／10万，累积率为15．08％，截缩率为162．75／10万；死亡率从45岁组（92．29／10万）后上升明显，85岁组（2263．70／10万）达到高峰。农村地区死亡率（190．60／10万）高于城市地区（186．38／10万）。肺癌、大肠癌、甲状腺癌、胃癌、肝癌是浙江省常见的恶性肿瘤，约占全部新发病例的58．64％。肺癌、肝癌、胃癌、大肠癌、食管癌是威胁浙江省居民生命健康的主要恶性肿瘤，约占恶性肿瘤死亡病例的70．72％。结论2014年浙江省主要恶性肿瘤为肺癌、大肠癌、甲状腺癌、胃癌、肝癌，女性甲状腺癌发病居首位，且恶性肿瘤负担不断增加。

Objective To analyze the morbidity and mortality of malignant tumor in Zhejiang province in 2014. Methods The data were collected from Zhejiang provincial chronic disease surveillance system in 2014. The crude rate, age-standardized rate, cumulative rate （0-74 years old）, cut rate （35-64 years old）, age-specific and area- specific morbidity/mortality as well as the constitution of top l0 leading cancers were then calculated and analyzed. The age-standardized rate was calculated according to the standard population in China in 1982 and the Segi＇s world standard population. Results The crude morbidity was 348.80/100 000 （370.74/100 000 in males and 326.51/100 000 in females）. The age-standardized morbidity according to the standard population in China and according to world standard population were 168.84/100 000 and 217.23/100 000 respectively, the cumulative morbidity was 24.66% and the cut morbidity was 376.40/100 000. Age-specific morbidity in age group 0-34 years remained low; however, the morbidity increased obviously in age group 〉~35 years, increased more rapidly in age group 950 years and finally reached the peak in age group 80-84 years （1 618.20/100 000）. The morbidity of malignant tumor, age-standardized morbidity （China standard） and age-standardized morbidity （world standard） were 381.81/100 000, 185.15/100 000 and 236.27/ 100 000 respectively in urban area, and 330.23/100 000 , 159.47/100 000 and 206.29/100 000, respectively in rural area. The crude mortality was 189.08/100 000 （248.57/100 000 in males, 128.72/ 100 000 in females）, and the age-standardized mortality according to China population and world population were 97.56/100 000 and 135.54/100 000 respectively. The cumulative mortality was 15.08%, and the cut mortality was 162.75/100 000. Age-specific mortality increased in age group 45-49 years （92.29/1000 000） and reached the peak in age group ≥85 years （2 263.70/100 000）. The mortality was higher in rural area （190.60/100 000） than in urban area （186.38/100 000）. The leading cancers were lung cancer, colorectum cancer, thyroid cancer, stomach cancer and liver cancer, accounting for 58.64% of the total. Lung cancer, liver cancer, stomach cancer, colorectum cancer and esophagus cancer were the major cancers causing deaths, accounting for 70.72% of all the total. Conclusion The leading cancers were lung cancer, colorectum cancer, thyroid cancer, stomach cancer and liver cancer in Zhejiang in 2014, close attention should be paid to thyroid cancer in women. The disease burden of malignant tumor is increasing,it is necessary for health department to take effective measures to reduce the disease burden caused by malignant tumor.