小学二至六年级数学困难儿童数学认知能力的发展

Study on the Development of Math Cognitive Abilities for Mathematic Difficulties in Grade 2～6 Primary Students

以小学二～六年级的1231名儿童为被试，主要采用自编的数学认知能力问卷，探讨了数学困难儿童数学认知能力的发展趋势．结果发现：（1）数学困难儿童在二至六年级中的检出率分别为8．03％、2．26％、3．00％、2．75％、3．32％，平均检验率为3．41％．（2）女生的表现都要劣于男生，但两者之间并不存在的显著差异．（3）数学困难儿童的数学认知能力随着年级的升高而出现不同程度的缓慢增长，在空间想象能力上，二、三年级与五、六年级有比较明显的差异，其它年级并不存在明显差异．

The development of math cognitive abilities using of 1231 children with mathematic difficulties in primary 2-6 by using math cognitive abilities test was explored. The results were as follows： （1） The percentage of MD population for the Grade 2-6was 8.03%, 2.26%, 3.00%, 2.75%, 3.32%, respectively. （2） There weren＇t significantly gender difference in the performance of mathematics cognitive among children with mathematic difficulties. （3） The mathematics cognitive abilities of mathematic difficulties student were development with the increasing growth year. There is no significant difference among different grades except the space imagination ability.