基质分层培养对黄花棘豆种苗生长的影响

The effect of hierarchical matrix culturing on the growing efficiency of Oxytropis ochrocephala Bunge seedlings

黄花棘豆(Oxytropis ochrocephala Bunge)是广泛分布于我国西部草原的主要毒草,危害牲畜健康和畜牧业发展,破坏草原生态平衡;然而黄花棘豆种子及幼苗在常规实验室条件下生长缓慢且死亡率高.为探究适合黄花棘豆生长的基质条件,采用实验室内盆栽实验对培养基质进行分层处理和施以不同浓度的激素,包括赤霉素(Gibberellin A3,GA3)、吲哚-3-乙酸(In-dole-3-acetic acid,IAA)和1-萘乙酸(1-naphthaleneacetic acid,NAA).结果显示:通过对黄花棘豆种子浇灌5 mg/L GA3、3 mg/L IAA和3 mg/L NAA,种子发芽率达到98%;通过基质分层(从上往下依次是沙土30%、腐殖土70%)处理以诱导黄花棘豆根的形成,再用5 mg/L IBA浇灌植株,黄花棘豆的平均存活率从10%提高到67%,其平均株高从0.70(±0.070)cm增加到2.77(±0.711)cm.此方法可应用于黄花棘豆的实验室规模培养,可为黄花棘豆生长培植和蔓延机制等后期研究提供基础.

Oxytropis ochrocephala Bunge is a toxic perennial grass on the grassland of western China that causes great threat to the animals and the stability of grassland ecology. O. ochrocephala grows slowly with high death rate under laboratory conditions. To provide research basis for future studies on controlling O. ochrocephala, this research aimed to determine its optimal laboratory growing conditions. We treated the growth matrix hierarchically and applied hormones including GA3, IAA, and NAA for germinated seeds of O. ochrocephala to search for the best cultivating conditions for the improvement of growth cycle and the seedlings survival rate. The results showed an increase of 98% in germination rate with watering of 5 mg/L GA3, IAA 3 mg/L and 3 mg/L NAA. Then we planted the seedlings in the hierarchical matrix composed of a 30% sand layer and 70% humus soil layer from top to bottom to induce the formation of roots and watered the plant with 5 mg/L IBA. Statistics showed that the average survival rate was improved from 10% to 67%, and the average plant height increased from 0.70（± 0.070） cm to 2.77（± 0.711） cm. The results showed that the optimal treatment（5 mg/L GA3, IAA 3 mg/L and 3 mg/L NAA, 30% sand layer and 70% humus soil layer） effectively increased growth efficiency and survival rate of O. ochrocephala seedling.