二氯喹啉酸土壤残留对后茬蔬菜药害测定及修复研究

Assay on the residue of quinclorac in soil to the succession vegetables and remediation effects of two antidotes

采用室内盆栽土壤添加法测定二氯喹啉酸土壤残留对几种蔬菜的药害情况,并初步采用土壤添加活性炭和煤渣进行药害修复。结果表明:在二氯喹啉酸土壤残留设定浓度范围内,从不同蔬菜根长、株高、叶面积和叶绿素含量看,豆角基本不受影响,而其他3种蔬菜根的生长影响相对较大,表现为根部显著肿大,畸形严重,其中菜心对土壤中二氯喹啉酸残留敏感性最高,IC10(抑制根长10%生长所需浓度)为0.176μg/kg,其次为黄瓜(IC10:4.918μg/kg)和辣椒(IC10:7.5μg/kg)。土壤添加活性炭(0.4 g/kg)和煤渣(4 g/kg)均对二氯喹啉酸土壤残留导致的黄瓜药害有一定的缓解效果。此结果可为田间合理选择轮作作物种类提供重要的参考。

Experiments were conducted by adding quinclorac solution in soil to assay its damage to four vegetables. And meanwhile we experimenting the repair effects of activated carbon and coal while added in soil to quinclorac. The results showed cowpea growth was not affected in the scope of designed residue concentrations when root length, stem length, leaf area and chlorophyll content were evaluated. While the other three vegetables were affected mainly focus on the root growth, as well as the higher residue concentration, the more serious of root deformity. And we found the IC10 of chou sum, cucumber and pepper were 0.176 μg/kg, 4.918 μg/kg and 7.5 μg/kg, respectively. The repair effects of activated carbon （ 0.4 g/Kg ） and coal （ 4 g/Kg ） to cucumber deformity were obvious. Therefore, we think these resuhs offer important suggestion for selection of rotation crop rationally in field.