硼对荔枝果实产量和钙硼形态的影响

Effect boron on Litchi Yield and Ca-B forms

以妃子笑为试验材料，通过田间肥效试验与室内分析，探讨了硼对荔枝果实产量、种植效益和钙硼形态的影响。结果表明：（1）硼砂喷施量为0．05％～0．1％时，荔枝果实运输硼及贮存硼的能力最强，也最有利于果皮、果肉和果核的各形态钙积累。（2）果胶钙和草酸钙是荔枝果皮和果核中钙的主要赋存形态，果胶钙、磷酸钙和水溶性钙是果肉中钙的主要赋存形态。水溶态硼是荔枝果皮、果肉和果核中硼的主要赋存形态。（3）在广州从化荔枝主产区，为获得最高的坐果数、坐果枝条数、产量和种植利润，硼砂喷施量以0．05％为宜。荔枝生产中硼、钙、萘乙酸不宜同步喷施。

Effect of Boron （ B ） on litchi （ Feizixiao ） yield, planting benefit and Ca-B form was discussed through field fertilizer efficiency test and laboratory analysis. The results show： （ 1 ） Litchi fruit achieves the strongest B transportation and storage capability under 0.05% ~0.1% fertilization of borax. This is the optimal fertilization to accumulation of different forms of Calcium （ Ca ） in pericarp, pulp and pit. （ 2 ） Calcium pectinate and calcium oxalate are the main forms of Ca in litchi pericarp and pit, while calcium pectinate, calcium phosphate and water-soluble calcium are the main forms in litchi pulp. Water-soluble B is the main form of B in litchi periearp, pulp and pit. （ 3 ） To gain the highest fruiting number, number of fruiting branches, yield and planting profit in the main litchi producing area in Conghua, Guangzhou, it is suggested to adopt 0.05% spraying fertilization of borax, but avoid spraying of B, Ca and naphthylacetic acid simultaneously.