爆破-锚喷联合支护技术研究

Research on Blasting and Bolt-shotcrete Combined Support Technology

为解决梁家煤矿煤2巷道的冒顶和底鼓现象,根据自然拱及爆破理论,针对煤2巷道由断面形状引起的巷道拱形两侧出现的应力集中现象,提出一种爆破-锚喷联合支护的方案,在巷道45°及135°斜上方一段距离进行爆破:一方面对应力集中区起到卸压作用;另一方面在巷道45°及135°斜上方的顶板范围内形成自然拱,充分发挥围岩的自撑能力,使拱内成为卸压区,降低支护强度。通过应用FLAC^(3D)数值模拟软件对爆破-锚喷支护方案进行模拟,数值模拟结果显示,这种新的支护方案很大程度上解决了煤2巷道的冒顶和底鼓现象。并通过矿压检测确定新支护方案的可靠性,为煤矿的安全高效生产提供了技术支持。

To solve the problems of roof fall,floor heave and stress concentration on both sides of the arched roadway caused by sectional shape in Coal 2roadway of Liangjia Coal Mine,a supporting scheme of blasting and bolt-shotcrete combined support technology was proposed based on the natural arch and blasting theory.Blasting was conducted at a distance of 45°and 135°above the roadway,which could relieve pressure from the stress concentration region on one hand,and on the other hand could reduce the supporting intensity by turning the inner natural arch formed on the roof 45°and 135°upward of the roadway into the pressure relief zone and give full play to the self-supporting capacity of surrounding rock.This supporting scheme of blasting and bolt-shotcrete combined technology was simulated with the help of FLAC^3D.The simulated results show that this new supporting scheme is able to solve the problems of roof fall and floor heave in Coal 2roadway to a large extent.The reliability of this supporting scheme,ascertained by mine pressure monitoring,can provide technical support for coal production with safety and high-efficiency.