农民工职业紧张和心理资本与抑郁症状关系

The relationships between occupational stress,psychological capital and depressive symptoms among peasant workers

目的分析农民工职业紧张和心理资本与抑郁症状之间的关系,为降低农民工的抑郁症状提供相关依据。方法采用整群抽样的方法,于2014年6-9月随机选取安徽省建筑业和制造业1000名农民工为研究对象进行自填式不记名问卷调查。分别采用付出-回报失衡问卷、心理资本问卷,流行病学调查用抑郁自评量表测量职业紧张、心理资本和抑郁症状。结果安徽省农民工抑郁症状得分为(20.23±9.76)分,抑郁症状的发生率为67.2%。内在投入、外在付出与抑郁症状呈正相关(P<0.01),心理资本和回报与抑郁症状呈负相关(P<0.01)。农民工职业紧张对抑郁症状的解释变异量为15.0%,加入心理资本后,解释变异量增加了15.0%。结论安徽省农民工的抑郁症状情况比较严重,心理资本在外在付出、回报和抑郁症状的关系中起中介作用。

Objective To analyze the relationships between occupational stress,psychological capital and depressive symptoms among peasant workers,so as to offer relevant basis for decreasing the depressive symptoms of them.Methods A cluster sampling was applied during the period of June-September 2014.Totally,1 000 peasant workers from construction and manufacturing industry in Anhui Province were randomly selected and surveyed by self-administered questionnaire.Effort-reward Imbalance Questionnaire,Psychological Capital Questionnaire and Center for Epidemiological studies Depression Scale were used to measure occupational stress,psychological capital and depressive symptoms. Results The score of depressive symptoms among Anhui peasant workers was 20.23±9.76,the depressive symptoms rate was67.2%.The depressive symptoms was positively correlated with the over-commitment and extrinsic effort（P〈0.01）.The depressive symptoms was negatively correlated with the psychological capital and reward（P〈0.01）.The contribution of occupational stress to depressive symptoms was 15.0%.Adding to psychological capital,the contribution increased 15.0%.Conclusions The depressive symptoms of peasant workers in Anhui Province is more serious.The psychological capital has a mediating effect between extrinsic effort,reward and depressive symptoms.