武汉市上岗前新工人血铅结果分析

Blood lead of pre-employment among new workers in Wuhan City

目的了解武汉市上岗前新工人的血铅水平和分布特征。方法采集上岗前职业健康检查血铅样品共计1 004份,采用石墨炉原子吸收光谱仪检测,对检测结果进行统计分析。结果 25.2%的工人血铅未检出。血铅值〈100μg/L的工人占总人数的91.4%,血铅值〈300μg/L的工人超过总人数的99%。岗前工人血铅为〈10.6-464.30μg/L（参考值为≤134.02μg/L）。男女工人血铅分别为〈10.6-464.30μg/L、〈10.6-410.10μg/L（参考值分别为≤138.65μg/L、≤95.57μg/L）。男女的血铅值存在明显差异,男子的血铅值要高于妇女。不同年龄段血铅值间均存在明显的差异,男性工人以30岁组血铅值最高,女性工人以〈20岁组血铅值最高。结论武汉市上岗前工人的血铅水平绝大多数低于观察对象（≥400μg/L）的血铅水平。

Objective To understand the blood lead level and its distribution feature of pre-employment of the new workers in Wuhan City. Methods 1 004 whole blood samples were collected from the new workers and detected for blood lead levels by using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry（GFAAS）.Results 25.2% of workers＇blood lead levels were not detected.Workers＇blood lead levels below 100μg/L were accounted for 91.4% of the total and more than 99% workers＇blood lead levels were below 300μg/L.The blood lead levels of the new workers was less than 10.6-464.30μg/L,the reference value was less than or equal to 134.02μg/L.The male workers＇blood lead levels was less than 10.6-464.30μg/L and the reference value was less than or equal to 138.65μg/L.The female workers＇blood lead levels was less than10.6-410.10μg/L and the reference value was less than or equal to 95.57μg/L.There were obvious differences existed in sex and age groups.The blood lead levels of males were higher than that in females.Among all age groups,males with 30 to 40years old had the highest blood lead levels,and females with less than 20 years old had the highest blood lead levels.Conclusions In Wuhan City,most of the workers before employment had the lower blood lead level and less than the observation objectives,whose blood lead level was more than or equal to 400μg/L.