甲骨文命辞二重对比复句研究——五论甲骨卜辞的命辞

Research on Double Contrast Compound Sentences in Mingci of Oracle——The Fifth Discussion on Mingci of Oracle-bone Inscription

商王与今人一样总是希望"趋利避害",所以在面对错综复杂的国家事务时,商王借助甲骨占卜的手段对如何采取行动做出各种预测,对各种行动预案的利与弊进行评判,以保证国家事务决策的准确性与正确性。对于是否采取某一行动,必然要考评其利与弊、吉与凶,因此就有了多种一一对举的不同假设条件或真实条件下将可能出现的不同结果,提出不同的应对之策。从甲骨卜辞用例来看,甲骨卜辞命辞中二重对比复句属于陈述句是可信的。

The king of Shang dynasty,shared with modern humans,always hope ＂ drawing on the advantages and avoiding disadvantages＂. So when he faced the complex state affairs,he always made predictions on how to take actions and judge the advantages and disadvantages of various action plan by means of oracle-bone divination,to ensure the accuracy and correctness of state affairs decision-making. As to whether to take a particular action,it is necessary to review its advantages and disadvantages,its good or ill luck. Thus,there will be different results that may occur under varieties of different assumptions or real conditions that are contrast separately,which arouses different responses. From the above cases in oracle-bone,we find that it can be trusted that the double contrast compound sentences in mingci in the oracle bones belong to statements.