民族文化认同“复合基因”的内涵成因及当代教育传承策略——以大理白族为个案

The Connotation Causes of National Cultural Identity “Complex Gene” and Its Educational Heritage Strategies

民族文化认同"复合基因"是社会成员的一种思维方式或心理特质,表现为既主动学习主流文化以提升自我,又能坚守自我文化之个性,进而实现民族文化发展的辩证统一。以大理白族为例,文化认同"复合基因"积极促成了其文化发展的自觉,其形成与开放包容的自然人文环境和多元互补的教育结构不无关系,且其绵延生长离不开具有丰富内容的"文化心理场"为基础。以史为鉴,当前民族文化认同"复合基因"传承须要采取共谐互补的学校教育与校外"文化心理场"关系;"空间景点+时间民俗"的传统文化保护体系;"以人为本"的教育评价取向;分合位育的学校、家庭和社会教育结构统一等策略来实现。

Cultural identity＂complex gene＂is a way of thinking or psychological characteristics of members in society,and the performance of both learning the mainstream culture actively to improve themselves,and adhering the personality of self-culture,so as to realize the dialectical unity of the ethnic cultural development. The open and inclusive natural human environment and educational system of complementary structure plays an important role in the formation of the Bai cultural identity ＂complex gene＂. In view of this,the inheritance of the present Bai cultural identity＂complex gene＂shall be taken with these strategies： establishing the harmony between school education and＂cultural psychological field＂outside school;building a traditional cultural protection system of ＂space attractions ＋ time folk＂; transforming the reform of educational evaluation from＂efficiency first＂to＂people-oriented＂; and reinforcing the unity of school,family and society for education.