民间文学艺术作品著作权归属认定的困境与出路

The Predicament and Outlet of the Identification of the Copyright Ownership of Folklore

民间文学艺术作品著作权归属认定问题,在学界存在较大争议。《民间文学艺术作品著作权保护条例(征求意见稿)》第5条有关作品权利归属的规定,不仅没有解决此争议,反而使得争议更加突出。界定民间文学艺术作品的权利主体应坚持个人、集体、国家的"三元论"作者观,坚持习惯法优位,若无习惯法再依照个人主体优先、传统社区主体次之,国家作为兜底主体的两阶段理论顺次,对作品权利主体进行认定。

Identification of Folklore copyright ownership is a huge controversy in the academic community. The 5th Article in＂Folklore Copyright Protection Ordinance（ draft） ＂that has provisions for the ownership did not solve the problems but strengthened the debate. The rights of definition for folklore should advocate the＂Three Theory＂of the individual,the collective and the state. Keeping the priority of customary law,then according to personal body first and followed by the main traditional communities,the state,as a body revealing all the details of the two-stage theory sequential,is subject to the rights of works identified.