基于μPMU的主动配电网故障定位方法研究

Research on Fault Location Based on μPMU for Active Distribution Network

准确的故障定位有助于提高配电网络的稳定性。随着分布式发电和电动汽车的接入,传统配电网逐渐向主动配电网发展,传统故障和保护装置已无法满足,这对故障定位技术和装置提出了新的要求。文章提出了一种基于微型同步相量测量单元(也叫做μPMU或者微同步相量)的新方法对主动配电网的故障进行定位。该方法运用单端μPMU采集的电压电流信息,查找故障线路,得到候选故障点并计算其故障距离。并根据两端μPMU测量电压和故障电压之间的相位关系,排除伪故障点,确定故障点位置。仿真结果表明,在主动配电网下,该定位方法具有较高的定位精度,仅需在线路的两端配置μPMU即可满足对不同类型故障进行准确地定位。在高渗透率DG和高阻故障的情况下,该定位方法依然可以准确地对故障进行定位。

Accurate fault location is helpful to improve the stability of power distribution network. With the integration of distributed generations and electric vehicles, the traditional distribution network gradually becomes the active distribution network, and the traditional fault and protection device is unable to satisfy the requirement, thus the need for new technologies and devices. In this paper,a new method based on micro phase measurement unit, termed μPMU or microsynchronal phase,is proposed to locate the fault in the active distribution network. The location method uses the voltage and current information of μPMU on one terminal to search for faults on every line segment,the candidate faults and its fault distance are calculated. To get the actual fault location,the pseudo fault locations are eliminated by voltage phase relationship between fault voltage and measured voltage of μPMUs on two terminals. The simulation results show that the location method has high position accuracy in the active distribution network,satisfying different types of fault with simply installingμPMUs only on the two terminals of the circuit. And the method still has high location accuracy with the influence of high DG penetration and high impedance faults.