战后西方社会分层理论视野中的马克思和韦伯

Marx and Weber in the View of the Stratification Theory of the Post-War West

西方文化对于社会不平等有着各种各样的解释。马克思把社会不平等的根本原因归结为人们对生产资料占有上的差异 ,而韦伯则认为 ,社会不平等是财产、个人机遇和市场状况等多种因素共同作用的结果。因此 ,马克思的阶级概念是建立在人们与生产资料的关系的基础上的 ,而韦伯的阶级概念则是从财产、个人机遇和市场状况三个方面进行阐释的。在西方社会新的分层背景下 。

Lots of explanations on the social inequality are in Western Culture. Marx attributes the essential reason for the social inequality to the private ownership of the social wealth, while Weber thinks that such a phenomenonn is caused by the ownership of wealth, the individual chance and the market situation, in accordance with which, Marx defines the concept of class on the base of the relationship of different persons to the means of production, while Weber explores this concept in the dimensions of ownership, chance and market. Western scholars think that in the Post-War social stratification, the change in the working class helps to challenge the concept of class defined by Marx.