我国高校考试招生照顾政策的历史逻辑(1949-1976)

Historical Logic of Favorable Policies of College Entrance Examination in China

高校考试招生照顾政策是我国考试招生制度的重要组成部分。新中国成立以来,高校考试招生照顾政策不断发展演变且具有明显的时代逻辑:照顾群体主要包括产业工人、工农干部、革命军人、少数民族学生和华侨学生;政策目的是保证政治力量,巩固无产阶级政权;基本特点是贯彻阶级路线,为工农开门,强调考生的政治成分;主要方式有从宽录取、优先录取、加分录取、降分录取、免试保送、内部推荐、"十六字"招生办法等。

Favorable policy is an important part of the college entrance examination in China.Since the founding of new China,favorable policies have evolved and followed the logic of the times.The main beneficiaries have been workers,worker and peasant cadres,soldiers,minority groups,and overseas Chinese.The goals of these polices are to ensure political power and consolidate the proletariat regime.Their basic characteristics are strengthening class lines,opening the door for workers and peasants,and emphasizing candidates＇ political background.The main methods for implementing the favorable policies include lenient admission,priority admission,bonus points,open admission,internal referral,and the ＂16-character＂guideline.