能源富集区资源红利与民生问题——以晋、陕、蒙为例

Study on the energy accumulation zone resource dividend and the livelihood of the people——Taking Shanxi,Shaanxi and Inner Mongolia as examples

资源开发的根本目的是为了改善民生,但资源开发形成的财富增长并不会自动转化为民生成果.通过对晋、陕、蒙三大资源型省区2000~2011年间财政民生支出状况的比较分析,表明三省区资源开发强度变化及经济增长与民生改善存在着不同程度的失衡.研究期间,三省区财政民生支出总体上偏低,且各省之间也有明显差异,山西省民生支出占财政支出百分比最高,其次是陕西省,再次是内蒙古自治区（以下简称内蒙古）.内蒙古近几年资源开发强度提高并且取得显著的经济增长,但其增长成果并未有效转化为民生成果,这表明内蒙古有陷入民生意义角度＂资源诅咒＂的风险.因此,资源型省区政府应在基础教育、基本医疗和社会保障等公共服务方面承担更多的责任,以改善民生,纠正资源型经济增长与民生改善的失衡,通过适度增加财政民生支出,促进人力资本积累,形成资源型地区经济长期增长的良好基础,以避免＂资源诅咒＂效应.

Abstracts：Through comparative analysis of financial livelihood expenditure about three re‐source areas including Shanxi ,Shaanxi and Inner Mongolia ,the result shows there are different degrees of imbalance between resource development and improvement of people′s livelihood in the three provinces .During the study period ,the livelihood of the people spending develop‐ment of three provinces also has an obvious difference ：financial livelihood expenditure propor‐tion of Shanxi is the highest ,Shaanxi is the second and Inner Mongolia is the lowest .In recent years ,Inner Mongolia achieves remarkable economic growth with the obvious ascension of re‐sources development strength ,but this does not improve the people＆#39;s livelihood .It shows a＆quot;resource curse＆quot;risk of people′s livelihood significance in Inner Mongolia .In conclusion ,the governments of resource provinces should take more responsibility in the basic education ,basic medical care ,social security and other public services to improve the livelihood of the people and correct the imbalance between resource economic grow th and improving people′s liveli‐hood .The governments should modestly increase financial livelihood expenditure to improve manpower capital accumulating ,forming a good basis for long -term economic grow th ,to a‐void“resource curse”effect .